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Montag, 24. Dezember 2012
Merry Christmas & Frohe Weihnachten
Hallo an alle !!
sollte man lesen 
Der geklaute Weihnachtsbaum
Vom Walde draussen bin ich her,
ich wusste gleich, es weihnachtet sehr,
als dieser Kerl mit Beil und Schlitten,
verdächtig um mich rumgeschlichen.
Jetzt fängt er an mich umzuhauen,
Au! das tut weh! Der will mich klauen!
Der wird sich wundern hat er mich zu Haus.
Denn leider gehen mir die Nadeln aus.
Der Förster meint, das käm vom sauren Regen,
so schlimm wie dies Jahr sei`s noch nie gewesen.
Nun schmeisst er mich auf seinen Schlitten
und zurrt mich fest. Jetzt schnell noch eine Minitanne ausgerissen,
damit zum Fest die Oma auch ein Bäumchen hat und nichts wie weg.
Womöglich macht zu dieser Stunde der Förster grade seine Runde
und dem möcht er nicht in die Arme laufen.
Er hastet eilig durch den Wald,
inzwischen ist ihm lausig kalt.
Fliegt über eine Wurzel hin und schrammt sich auf das Doppelkinn.
Bleibt steh`n um etwas zu verschnaufen
und merkt, jetzt hat er sich verlaufen.
Sucht fluchend nun am Waldesrand bis er sein Auto wiederfand.
Wirft mich, er hat`s gefunden kaum,
samt Schlitten in den Kofferraum und startet---------------
aber, tuck, tuck, tuck,
das Auto macht nicht einen Ruck.
Wär nicht ein netter Mensch gekommen,
der ihn in`s Schlepptau hat genommen.
er stünde noch dort sicherlich.
Ja, Weinachtsbäume klaut man nicht.
(Jutta Gnädig)
Weitere Autorenangaben leider unbekannt.
Vom Walde draussen bin ich her,
ich wusste gleich, es weihnachtet sehr,
als dieser Kerl mit Beil und Schlitten,
verdächtig um mich rumgeschlichen.
Jetzt fängt er an mich umzuhauen,
Au! das tut weh! Der will mich klauen!
Der wird sich wundern hat er mich zu Haus.
Denn leider gehen mir die Nadeln aus.
Der Förster meint, das käm vom sauren Regen,
so schlimm wie dies Jahr sei`s noch nie gewesen.
Nun schmeisst er mich auf seinen Schlitten
und zurrt mich fest. Jetzt schnell noch eine Minitanne ausgerissen,
damit zum Fest die Oma auch ein Bäumchen hat und nichts wie weg.
Womöglich macht zu dieser Stunde der Förster grade seine Runde
und dem möcht er nicht in die Arme laufen.
Er hastet eilig durch den Wald,
inzwischen ist ihm lausig kalt.
Fliegt über eine Wurzel hin und schrammt sich auf das Doppelkinn.
Bleibt steh`n um etwas zu verschnaufen
und merkt, jetzt hat er sich verlaufen.
Sucht fluchend nun am Waldesrand bis er sein Auto wiederfand.
Wirft mich, er hat`s gefunden kaum,
samt Schlitten in den Kofferraum und startet---------------
aber, tuck, tuck, tuck,
das Auto macht nicht einen Ruck.
Wär nicht ein netter Mensch gekommen,
der ihn in`s Schlepptau hat genommen.
er stünde noch dort sicherlich.
Ja, Weinachtsbäume klaut man nicht.
(Jutta Gnädig)
Weitere Autorenangaben leider unbekannt.
In diesem Sinne Frohe Weihnachten an Alle und haltet durch
die jetzt erst angefangen haben mit dem NichtRauchen
es lohnt sich .
Ausserdem können wir uns einen anderen " guten Vorsatz zu Silvester " widmen.
Liebe Grüsse an alle
NightRaven
Evaluation of e-cigarettes
Subject: Evaluation of e-cigarettes Background: The Center for Drug
Evaluation and Research through the Office of Compliance (OC) has
requested that the Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis (DPA) evaluate
two brands of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) for nicotine content
and other impurities. An e-cigarette is advertised as an alternative to
smoked tobacco products. It is a battery-powered device that provides
inhaled doses of nicotine by delivering a vaporized propylene
glycol/nicotine mixture as shown in Figure 1. The Center is concerned
that in addition to nicotine delivery, the vapor may also provide other
potentially harmful volatile components. DPA was asked to quantitate
the amount of nicotine present in each brand and to evaluate each brand for the presence of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA), certain tobacco specific impurities, ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG).
Test Products: Njoy e-cigarette (Reference 1) with various cartridges Smoking Everywhere Electronic Cigarette (Reference 2) with various cartridges Nicotrol Inhaler, 10mg cartridge was used as a control for some test methods Conclusions: Nicotine is present in both products. The Smoking Everywhere Electronic Cigarette cartridges listed as containing no nicotine in some cases had very low amounts of nicotine present. Tobacco specific nitrosamines and tobacco specific impurities were detected in both products at very low levels. DEG was identified in one cartridge, Smoking Everywhere 555 High.
See Table 1 for results of analyses of entire cartridges after extraction. A sparging apparatus (see figure in Attachment A) and headspace GC (HS-GC) analysis were utilized to simulate actual use of these products. With the sparging apparatus, nicotine was detected in cartridges claiming to contain nicotine and quantitated by LC-UV; cotinine was also found in some products by this procedure. Repeat testing of 3 different cartridges with the same label (menthol high) gave varying results from 26.8 to 43.2 mcg nicotine/100 mL puff. HS-GC detected nicotine in both products and â-Nicotyrine was detected in all Njoy cartridges (see Table 2).
ScienceResearch
the amount of nicotine present in each brand and to evaluate each brand for the presence of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA), certain tobacco specific impurities, ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG).
Test Products: Njoy e-cigarette (Reference 1) with various cartridges Smoking Everywhere Electronic Cigarette (Reference 2) with various cartridges Nicotrol Inhaler, 10mg cartridge was used as a control for some test methods Conclusions: Nicotine is present in both products. The Smoking Everywhere Electronic Cigarette cartridges listed as containing no nicotine in some cases had very low amounts of nicotine present. Tobacco specific nitrosamines and tobacco specific impurities were detected in both products at very low levels. DEG was identified in one cartridge, Smoking Everywhere 555 High.
See Table 1 for results of analyses of entire cartridges after extraction. A sparging apparatus (see figure in Attachment A) and headspace GC (HS-GC) analysis were utilized to simulate actual use of these products. With the sparging apparatus, nicotine was detected in cartridges claiming to contain nicotine and quantitated by LC-UV; cotinine was also found in some products by this procedure. Repeat testing of 3 different cartridges with the same label (menthol high) gave varying results from 26.8 to 43.2 mcg nicotine/100 mL puff. HS-GC detected nicotine in both products and â-Nicotyrine was detected in all Njoy cartridges (see Table 2).
ScienceResearch
Additives in Tobacco Products
Contribution of Carob Bean Extract, Cellulose Fibre, Guar Gum,
Liquorice, Menthol, Prune Juice Concentrate and Vanillin to
Attractiveness, Addictiveness and Toxicity of Tobacco Smoking
Author: Dr. Urmila Nair
This report on tobacco additives, carob bean extract, cellulose fibre, guar gum, liquorice, menthol, prune juice concentrate
and vanillin, has been created by the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and is available at
DKFZ website http://www.dkfz.de/de/tabakkontrolle. Another report on 2-furfural, ammonium compounds, cocoa, glycerol,
propylene glycol, sorbitol, sugars, acetaldehyde, created by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
(RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands, is available on the RIVM website http://www.tabakinfo.nl. The introduction is a common
product. Photos are provided by the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Switzerland.
Additives in Tobacco Products Report
Liquorice, Menthol, Prune Juice Concentrate and Vanillin to
Attractiveness, Addictiveness and Toxicity of Tobacco Smoking
Author: Dr. Urmila Nair
This report on tobacco additives, carob bean extract, cellulose fibre, guar gum, liquorice, menthol, prune juice concentrate
and vanillin, has been created by the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and is available at
DKFZ website http://www.dkfz.de/de/tabakkontrolle. Another report on 2-furfural, ammonium compounds, cocoa, glycerol,
propylene glycol, sorbitol, sugars, acetaldehyde, created by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
(RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands, is available on the RIVM website http://www.tabakinfo.nl. The introduction is a common
product. Photos are provided by the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Switzerland.
Additives in Tobacco Products Report
Vanillin
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers.
Vanilla is one of the most popular flavours worldwide. It comes from the fruit of the vanilla plant that contains beans or seeds from where the vanilla extracts are obtained. Vanillin is the main substance of the vanilla bean extract responsible for the characteristic sweet smelling flavour of vanilla.
Although vanillin can be extracted from vanilla plants, this is quite expensive. Therefore, artificial vanilla flavouring made up of synthetic vanillin or chemically modified ethylvanillin is produced for commercial use and has a stronger flavour.
General uses
As a vanilla flavour ingredient, vanillin has a wide range of uses within the food, drink, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and fragrance industries.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Tobacco manufacturers use vanillin as a flavouring material in cigarettes. Vanillin (or other compounds that release vanillin) can be added to the tobacco, cigarette paper or filter.
Vanillin can make up to 0.05 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette. Lower levels of ethylvanillin are added due to its stronger flavour.
Harmful health effects
Vanillin is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes.Vanillin is known to release several substances when burnt. These include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which have been classed as human cancer causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Vanillin is also indirectly harmful as it masks the harshness of tobacco smoke, making smoking easier, which thereby encourages the smoking habit. This ultimately causes smokers to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Vanilla is a popular flavour in many products and tobacco manufacturers use this fact to make the cigarette more desirable, especially to young or first time smokers. Non-smokers or bystanders may be more tolerant towards smokers who smoke cigarettes with a vanilla aroma because of its less
offensive and familiar smell.
Overall, by adding more desirable flavours such as vanillin to cigarettes tobacco manufacturers make it easier for smokers to become addicted.
Vanillin
Vanilla is one of the most popular flavours worldwide. It comes from the fruit of the vanilla plant that contains beans or seeds from where the vanilla extracts are obtained. Vanillin is the main substance of the vanilla bean extract responsible for the characteristic sweet smelling flavour of vanilla.
Although vanillin can be extracted from vanilla plants, this is quite expensive. Therefore, artificial vanilla flavouring made up of synthetic vanillin or chemically modified ethylvanillin is produced for commercial use and has a stronger flavour.
General uses
As a vanilla flavour ingredient, vanillin has a wide range of uses within the food, drink, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and fragrance industries.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Tobacco manufacturers use vanillin as a flavouring material in cigarettes. Vanillin (or other compounds that release vanillin) can be added to the tobacco, cigarette paper or filter.
Vanillin can make up to 0.05 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette. Lower levels of ethylvanillin are added due to its stronger flavour.
Harmful health effects
Vanillin is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes.Vanillin is known to release several substances when burnt. These include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which have been classed as human cancer causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Vanillin is also indirectly harmful as it masks the harshness of tobacco smoke, making smoking easier, which thereby encourages the smoking habit. This ultimately causes smokers to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Vanilla is a popular flavour in many products and tobacco manufacturers use this fact to make the cigarette more desirable, especially to young or first time smokers. Non-smokers or bystanders may be more tolerant towards smokers who smoke cigarettes with a vanilla aroma because of its less
offensive and familiar smell.
Overall, by adding more desirable flavours such as vanillin to cigarettes tobacco manufacturers make it easier for smokers to become addicted.
Vanillin
Prune Juice Concentrate
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers.
Prunes are ripe plums that are dried. Concentrated prune juice is extracted from softened prunes. As a fruit extract, prune juice concentrate is very rich in sugars and is therefore naturally sweet.
General uses
Prune juice concentrate has many uses in the food industry, e.g. as a sweetener, colour and flavour enhancer, a binding agent in cereal bars, and also as a ‘humectant’ to help keep cakes and cookies moist.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Prune juice concentrate (along with other extracts from either the plum or prune) is reportedly used by tobacco manufacturers to add flavour to the tobacco at different stages of manufacturing. Prune juice concentrate can make up to about 0.5 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Prune juice concentrate, a fruit extract, is safe for use in food products. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. Studies have yet to identify
the compounds produced from burning prune juice concentrate. However, the high sugar content of the concentrate suggests it is likely to behave in a similar way to sugar additives. This could lead to the formation of chemicals that are well known to cause cancer in humans such as polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, and those thought to possibly cause cancer such as acetaldehyde. These compounds have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation). Other toxic compounds that irritate the airways are also formed (e.g.
acrolein or 2-furfural).
The sugars also produce acidic compounds, which make it harder for the nicotine in the cigarette smoke to reach the brain. This forces smokers to inhale deeper and to also consume more cigarettes to get their nicotine fix. Furthermore, the use of prune juice concentrate may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce compounds such as the substance harman, which can also enhance addictiveness due to
its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
Prune juice concentrate is used to smoothen and mildly sweeten the smoke. It imparts a sweet taste making the smoke more palatable. The high sugar content of the concentrate provides caramel flavours when burnt that enhance the flavour and attractiveness of smoking. By adding prune juice
concentrate to improve the taste of the tobacco, the bitter taste of the smoke is sufficiently masked. Also, the sweet caramel flavours appeals to young people, which can make it easier for them to start smoking.
Prune juice concentrate may also be indirectly harmful by making smoking more pleasurable. This encourages the smoking habit, which could ultimately cause smokers to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Overall, by adding more desirable flavours such as prune juice concentrate to cigarettes, tobacco manufacturers make it easier for smokers to become addicted.
Prune Juice Concentrate
Prunes are ripe plums that are dried. Concentrated prune juice is extracted from softened prunes. As a fruit extract, prune juice concentrate is very rich in sugars and is therefore naturally sweet.
General uses
Prune juice concentrate has many uses in the food industry, e.g. as a sweetener, colour and flavour enhancer, a binding agent in cereal bars, and also as a ‘humectant’ to help keep cakes and cookies moist.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Prune juice concentrate (along with other extracts from either the plum or prune) is reportedly used by tobacco manufacturers to add flavour to the tobacco at different stages of manufacturing. Prune juice concentrate can make up to about 0.5 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Prune juice concentrate, a fruit extract, is safe for use in food products. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. Studies have yet to identify
the compounds produced from burning prune juice concentrate. However, the high sugar content of the concentrate suggests it is likely to behave in a similar way to sugar additives. This could lead to the formation of chemicals that are well known to cause cancer in humans such as polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, and those thought to possibly cause cancer such as acetaldehyde. These compounds have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation). Other toxic compounds that irritate the airways are also formed (e.g.
acrolein or 2-furfural).
The sugars also produce acidic compounds, which make it harder for the nicotine in the cigarette smoke to reach the brain. This forces smokers to inhale deeper and to also consume more cigarettes to get their nicotine fix. Furthermore, the use of prune juice concentrate may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce compounds such as the substance harman, which can also enhance addictiveness due to
its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
Prune juice concentrate is used to smoothen and mildly sweeten the smoke. It imparts a sweet taste making the smoke more palatable. The high sugar content of the concentrate provides caramel flavours when burnt that enhance the flavour and attractiveness of smoking. By adding prune juice
concentrate to improve the taste of the tobacco, the bitter taste of the smoke is sufficiently masked. Also, the sweet caramel flavours appeals to young people, which can make it easier for them to start smoking.
Prune juice concentrate may also be indirectly harmful by making smoking more pleasurable. This encourages the smoking habit, which could ultimately cause smokers to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Overall, by adding more desirable flavours such as prune juice concentrate to cigarettes, tobacco manufacturers make it easier for smokers to become addicted.
Prune Juice Concentrate
Menthol
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers. Menthol is a natural compound found in several
plants of the mint family e.g. the peppermint, cornmint, and spearmint
herbs. When consumed it imparts a minty taste and smell, and has a
characteristic cooling effect.
General uses
Menthol is also produced synthetically for commercial use, and is widely used in the food, flavour, oral hygiene, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The tobacco industry is one of the main users of menthol.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Menthol is one of the most commonly used additives in the tobacco industry. It has been used in tobacco products since the 1920s to suppress the harshness of smoke and as a smoothing alternative for smokers suffering from colds. Menthol is the only type of tobacco additive that is sold as a particular type of cigarette i.e. ‘Menthol cigarettes’. Menthol is added to cigarettes to provide a distinctive (brand-specific) mint flavour to the inhaled smoke. The menthol is added to several parts
of the cigarette: either directly to the tobacco, the inner foil of the cigarette packet, the filter paper, or more recently as a crushable capsule inside the filter for a stronger effect. The amount of menthol added to the cigarette depends on whether it is being produced as a “menthol” cigarette.
Mentholated cigarettes contain menthol at levels that are up to 0.45 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette (although levels up to 2 % are also reported). Non-mentholated
cigarettes can contain menthol at much lower levels that make up between 0.01 to 0.03 % of the total weight of tobacco.
Harmful health effects
Menthol is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. Although studies show that when a mentholated cigarette is burnt, almost all of the menthol is released into the smoke unchanged, a small
amount (0.5 %) does burn and can form compounds such as benzo[a]pyrene and benzene. These chemicals have been classed as human cancer-causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Menthol numbs the throat and increases the smoothness of the smoke, which masks the harsh effects of cigarette smoke and thereby makes it easier to smoke. Menthol cigarette smokers also tend to inhale more deeply for the cooling effect. These effects (together with the minty taste) particularly
appeals to young people as studies have shown that menthol cigarettes are commonly used in adolescents and is often their first cigarette brand of choice.
Tobacco manufacturers recognise that the cooling effect of menthol makes for a pleasurable smoking experience and, therefore, also add menthol to the tobacco used in nonmenthol
(i.e. regular) cigarettes. This provides a smoother and less harsh smoke without the mint taste. Other tobacco additives used for this purpose include peppermint, spearmint, thyme and eucalyptus oils, and the chemical methyl salicylate. Consequently, by adding menthol, tobacco manufacturers
increase the attractiveness and appeal of cigarettes.
The sensory experience from smoking menthol cigarettes can make it difficult to stop as the pleasurable taste, odour, and cooling effects may reinforce the smoking habit. Indeed,
menthol’s numbing effects on the lungs may allow many smokers to inhale more deeply to get their nicotine fix. Menthol’s use in medicinal products can also give smokers a false sense of safety. Studies have shown that menthol cigarette smokers often have the wrong impression that
the compound offers them some sort of health protection compared to non-menthol cigarettes. This can encourage continued consumption and helps sustain the smoking habit and thus greater exposure to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Menthol an Additive
General uses
Menthol is also produced synthetically for commercial use, and is widely used in the food, flavour, oral hygiene, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The tobacco industry is one of the main users of menthol.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Menthol is one of the most commonly used additives in the tobacco industry. It has been used in tobacco products since the 1920s to suppress the harshness of smoke and as a smoothing alternative for smokers suffering from colds. Menthol is the only type of tobacco additive that is sold as a particular type of cigarette i.e. ‘Menthol cigarettes’. Menthol is added to cigarettes to provide a distinctive (brand-specific) mint flavour to the inhaled smoke. The menthol is added to several parts
of the cigarette: either directly to the tobacco, the inner foil of the cigarette packet, the filter paper, or more recently as a crushable capsule inside the filter for a stronger effect. The amount of menthol added to the cigarette depends on whether it is being produced as a “menthol” cigarette.
Mentholated cigarettes contain menthol at levels that are up to 0.45 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette (although levels up to 2 % are also reported). Non-mentholated
cigarettes can contain menthol at much lower levels that make up between 0.01 to 0.03 % of the total weight of tobacco.
Harmful health effects
Menthol is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. Although studies show that when a mentholated cigarette is burnt, almost all of the menthol is released into the smoke unchanged, a small
amount (0.5 %) does burn and can form compounds such as benzo[a]pyrene and benzene. These chemicals have been classed as human cancer-causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Menthol numbs the throat and increases the smoothness of the smoke, which masks the harsh effects of cigarette smoke and thereby makes it easier to smoke. Menthol cigarette smokers also tend to inhale more deeply for the cooling effect. These effects (together with the minty taste) particularly
appeals to young people as studies have shown that menthol cigarettes are commonly used in adolescents and is often their first cigarette brand of choice.
Tobacco manufacturers recognise that the cooling effect of menthol makes for a pleasurable smoking experience and, therefore, also add menthol to the tobacco used in nonmenthol
(i.e. regular) cigarettes. This provides a smoother and less harsh smoke without the mint taste. Other tobacco additives used for this purpose include peppermint, spearmint, thyme and eucalyptus oils, and the chemical methyl salicylate. Consequently, by adding menthol, tobacco manufacturers
increase the attractiveness and appeal of cigarettes.
The sensory experience from smoking menthol cigarettes can make it difficult to stop as the pleasurable taste, odour, and cooling effects may reinforce the smoking habit. Indeed,
menthol’s numbing effects on the lungs may allow many smokers to inhale more deeply to get their nicotine fix. Menthol’s use in medicinal products can also give smokers a false sense of safety. Studies have shown that menthol cigarette smokers often have the wrong impression that
the compound offers them some sort of health protection compared to non-menthol cigarettes. This can encourage continued consumption and helps sustain the smoking habit and thus greater exposure to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Menthol an Additive
Liquorice Extract
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers. Liquorice (or licorice) is the root of the
liquorice plant from which the characteristically sweet liquorice
flavour
is extracted. The extract contains the very sweet substance glycyrhizzin, as well as sugars.
General uses
The root or the extract is used as a source of liquorice flavour. The liquor from the extract is often processed into a powder or a more concentrated solid block. The liquorice root/extract is widely used in the food industry as a sweetening agent, or flavouring ingredient in drinks, candy and gum. Due to its medicinal properties it is also used in both traditional and herbal medicines e.g. in the
pharmaceutical industry liquorice is used in over-thecounter drugs and cough syrups.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Tobacco manufacturers reportedly use liquorice at different stages of manufacturing to add flavour to the tobacco and to sweeten the smoke. Liquorice gives a mellow, sweet and woody note to the smoke.
The amount of liquorice added to the cigarette can make up to 4 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette. Liquorice is also used as a flavour for other tobacco products such as cigars, and chewing tobacco.
Harmful health effects
Liquorice is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. When liquorice extracts are burnt they produce several toxic compounds including some that are well known to cause cancer in humans (e.g.
benzene), or those that could possibly cause cancer (e.g. acetaldehyde). Other toxic substances produced include the chemicals toluene and phenol that could cause other damaging
health effects.
The sugars in the extract can also produce acidic compounds, which make it harder for the nicotine in the cigarette smoketo reach the brain. This forces smokers to inhale deeper and to also consume more cigarettes to get their nicotine fix. Furthermore, the use of liquorice may be indirectly harmful
due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as the substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more
addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
The addition of liquorice extract makes the smoking experience more pleasurable in several ways, i.e. it helps the tobacco to stay moist, balances the overall flavour of the cigarette, and reduces dryness in the mouth and throat. Furthermore, the caramel flavours produced when the sugars in the liquorice extract are burnt help enhance the flavour and attractiveness of smoking. Also, the glycyrhizzin
that is present could potentially to open up the airways, and in combination with other ingredients could allow smokers to inhale deeper, making it easier for them to get their nicotine fix.
Therefore, by adding more desirable flavours such as liquorice to cigarettes, tobacco manufacturers succeed in making smoking more pleasurable. This not only encourages the smoking habit, but also makes it easier for smokers to become addicted, which ultimately causes them to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Liquorice Extract
is extracted. The extract contains the very sweet substance glycyrhizzin, as well as sugars.
General uses
The root or the extract is used as a source of liquorice flavour. The liquor from the extract is often processed into a powder or a more concentrated solid block. The liquorice root/extract is widely used in the food industry as a sweetening agent, or flavouring ingredient in drinks, candy and gum. Due to its medicinal properties it is also used in both traditional and herbal medicines e.g. in the
pharmaceutical industry liquorice is used in over-thecounter drugs and cough syrups.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Tobacco manufacturers reportedly use liquorice at different stages of manufacturing to add flavour to the tobacco and to sweeten the smoke. Liquorice gives a mellow, sweet and woody note to the smoke.
The amount of liquorice added to the cigarette can make up to 4 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette. Liquorice is also used as a flavour for other tobacco products such as cigars, and chewing tobacco.
Harmful health effects
Liquorice is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. When liquorice extracts are burnt they produce several toxic compounds including some that are well known to cause cancer in humans (e.g.
benzene), or those that could possibly cause cancer (e.g. acetaldehyde). Other toxic substances produced include the chemicals toluene and phenol that could cause other damaging
health effects.
The sugars in the extract can also produce acidic compounds, which make it harder for the nicotine in the cigarette smoketo reach the brain. This forces smokers to inhale deeper and to also consume more cigarettes to get their nicotine fix. Furthermore, the use of liquorice may be indirectly harmful
due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as the substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more
addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
The addition of liquorice extract makes the smoking experience more pleasurable in several ways, i.e. it helps the tobacco to stay moist, balances the overall flavour of the cigarette, and reduces dryness in the mouth and throat. Furthermore, the caramel flavours produced when the sugars in the liquorice extract are burnt help enhance the flavour and attractiveness of smoking. Also, the glycyrhizzin
that is present could potentially to open up the airways, and in combination with other ingredients could allow smokers to inhale deeper, making it easier for them to get their nicotine fix.
Therefore, by adding more desirable flavours such as liquorice to cigarettes, tobacco manufacturers succeed in making smoking more pleasurable. This not only encourages the smoking habit, but also makes it easier for smokers to become addicted, which ultimately causes them to be exposed to higher levels of the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Liquorice Extract
Guar Gum
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers.
Guar gum is an extract of the guar bean plant. It is taken from the seeds of the plant and due to its gelling properties is used commercially (in powdered form).
General uses
Guar gum has many uses particularly in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries where it is used as a thickener,binder, emulsifier and stabilizer. It is added to various foods
such as breakfast cereals, dairy products, gravy, processed vegetables, and baked goods.
Reported tobacco industry uses
The tobacco part of most cigarettes (i.e. the shredded brown interior) is a mixture of the tobacco leaf and a paper-likeproduct called ‘reconstituted tobacco’. Reconstituted tobacco is made up of mashed tobacco stems and other parts of the tobacco leaf that would otherwise be discarded. Tobacco
manufacturers reportedly add guar gum (and its derivatives) to help bind this reconstituted tobacco in cigarettes. Tobacco manufacturers also use guar gum to prepare the cigarette paper that wraps the tobacco.
The amount of guar gum added to bind the tobacco can make up between 0.6-1.8 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Guargum is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. When a cigarette is burnt, the guar gum present produces several toxic compounds that are either well-known to cause cancer in humans (e.g.
formaldehyde, benzo[a]pyrene and benzene) or thought to possibly cause cancer in humans (e.g. acetaldehyde and styrene) as defined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Furthermore, the use of guar gum may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as the
substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
Some of the compounds formed when guar gum is burnt have a distinctive flavour. For example, diacetyl is one of the substances produced and has a butterscotch flavour, which can make a cigarette more appealing due to the improved flavour of the smoke. 2-Furfural is also formed and has an
odour and taste that is described as sweet, woody, bready, and caramel-like. Therefore, these compounds help make a cigarette more attractive by imparting a pleasant flavour to the cigarette smoke. This can ultimately lead to more cigarettes being smoked and thus greater exposure harm due to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Guar Gum
Guar gum is an extract of the guar bean plant. It is taken from the seeds of the plant and due to its gelling properties is used commercially (in powdered form).
General uses
Guar gum has many uses particularly in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries where it is used as a thickener,binder, emulsifier and stabilizer. It is added to various foods
such as breakfast cereals, dairy products, gravy, processed vegetables, and baked goods.
Reported tobacco industry uses
The tobacco part of most cigarettes (i.e. the shredded brown interior) is a mixture of the tobacco leaf and a paper-likeproduct called ‘reconstituted tobacco’. Reconstituted tobacco is made up of mashed tobacco stems and other parts of the tobacco leaf that would otherwise be discarded. Tobacco
manufacturers reportedly add guar gum (and its derivatives) to help bind this reconstituted tobacco in cigarettes. Tobacco manufacturers also use guar gum to prepare the cigarette paper that wraps the tobacco.
The amount of guar gum added to bind the tobacco can make up between 0.6-1.8 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Guargum is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. When a cigarette is burnt, the guar gum present produces several toxic compounds that are either well-known to cause cancer in humans (e.g.
formaldehyde, benzo[a]pyrene and benzene) or thought to possibly cause cancer in humans (e.g. acetaldehyde and styrene) as defined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
Furthermore, the use of guar gum may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as the
substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
Some of the compounds formed when guar gum is burnt have a distinctive flavour. For example, diacetyl is one of the substances produced and has a butterscotch flavour, which can make a cigarette more appealing due to the improved flavour of the smoke. 2-Furfural is also formed and has an
odour and taste that is described as sweet, woody, bready, and caramel-like. Therefore, these compounds help make a cigarette more attractive by imparting a pleasant flavour to the cigarette smoke. This can ultimately lead to more cigarettes being smoked and thus greater exposure harm due to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Guar Gum
Cellulose Fibre
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers.
Cellulose fibre is the basic structural material of most plants,
and can be obtained from various natural plant-based sources such as wood pulp, cotton, flax and hemp.
General use
Cellulose fibres are used to make many different products
that include paper, textiles, and cardboard. The cellulose that makes up these fibres (or a modified version) is also used in the food industry as anti-caking agents, emulsifiers,
formulation aids, stabilizers, thickeners and texturizers, and also in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries where it performs similar roles.
Reported tobacco industry uses
The tobacco part of most cigarettes (i.e. the shredded brown interior) is a mixture of the tobacco leaf and a paper-like product called ‘reconstituted tobacco’. Reconstituted tobacco is made up of mashed tobacco stems and other parts of the tobacco leaf that would otherwise be discarded. Tobacco
manufacturers add cellulose fibre to help bind and fill this reconstituted tobacco in cigarettes.
Tobacco manufacturers also use cellulose to prepare both the cigarette paper that wraps the tobacco, and the filter (both the inner and outer layers). The cigarette paper is a very important
part of a cigarette. It controls how the tobacco burns, and theamount of smoke. Generally, the more cellulose used the greater the amount of smoke that is produced.
Cellulose fibres are naturally present in tobacco (at levels ranging from about 5 % to 12 %). The maximum amount of cellulose fibres that is further added is about 6 % of the total
weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Cellulose Fibre is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. The entire cellulose
fibre added to the cigarette is burnt while smoking. Many harmful compounds are formed that can either irritate the eyes and upper parts of the airways (e.g. acrolein), or cause cancer, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzo[a]pyrene, benzene, furan, and formaldehyde. These
compounds have been classified as human cancer-causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer,(a leading expert cancer organisation).
The use of cellulose fibres may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as
the substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
This can ultimately lead to more cigarettes being smoked and thus greater exposure to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
In some products, flavours such as vanilla are added to cellulose during the paper-making process. This ensures that the smell of the smoke coming from the lit end of the cigarette (i.e. sidestream smoke) has a more pleasant aroma. This is a concern because not only could it allay any
potential worries smokers may have about their habit but it could also increase non-smokers tolerance to sidestream smoke, and thereby increase their exposure to secondhand smoke.
Cellulose Fibre
Cellulose fibre is the basic structural material of most plants,
and can be obtained from various natural plant-based sources such as wood pulp, cotton, flax and hemp.
General use
Cellulose fibres are used to make many different products
that include paper, textiles, and cardboard. The cellulose that makes up these fibres (or a modified version) is also used in the food industry as anti-caking agents, emulsifiers,
formulation aids, stabilizers, thickeners and texturizers, and also in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries where it performs similar roles.
Reported tobacco industry uses
The tobacco part of most cigarettes (i.e. the shredded brown interior) is a mixture of the tobacco leaf and a paper-like product called ‘reconstituted tobacco’. Reconstituted tobacco is made up of mashed tobacco stems and other parts of the tobacco leaf that would otherwise be discarded. Tobacco
manufacturers add cellulose fibre to help bind and fill this reconstituted tobacco in cigarettes.
Tobacco manufacturers also use cellulose to prepare both the cigarette paper that wraps the tobacco, and the filter (both the inner and outer layers). The cigarette paper is a very important
part of a cigarette. It controls how the tobacco burns, and theamount of smoke. Generally, the more cellulose used the greater the amount of smoke that is produced.
Cellulose fibres are naturally present in tobacco (at levels ranging from about 5 % to 12 %). The maximum amount of cellulose fibres that is further added is about 6 % of the total
weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Cellulose Fibre is generally regarded as safe for use in food and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. The entire cellulose
fibre added to the cigarette is burnt while smoking. Many harmful compounds are formed that can either irritate the eyes and upper parts of the airways (e.g. acrolein), or cause cancer, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzo[a]pyrene, benzene, furan, and formaldehyde. These
compounds have been classified as human cancer-causing agents by the International Agency for Research on Cancer,(a leading expert cancer organisation).
The use of cellulose fibres may be indirectly harmful due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g. acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes are very reactive and produce other compounds such as
the substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
This can ultimately lead to more cigarettes being smoked and thus greater exposure to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
In some products, flavours such as vanilla are added to cellulose during the paper-making process. This ensures that the smell of the smoke coming from the lit end of the cigarette (i.e. sidestream smoke) has a more pleasant aroma. This is a concern because not only could it allay any
potential worries smokers may have about their habit but it could also increase non-smokers tolerance to sidestream smoke, and thereby increase their exposure to secondhand smoke.
Cellulose Fibre
Carob Bean Extract and Gum
Carob Bean Extract and Gum
products by tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco
products palatable and acceptable to consumers.
Carob, which is also referred to as the carob pod or carob
bean, is the fruit of the evergreen carob tree. Each carob pod
contains seeds that sit in the pod’s pulp. The pulp is rich in
sugars and therefore is naturally sweet and tastes and looks
like chocolate. It can be ground into fine powder or used in
the form of an extract. The seeds also provide a source of
gum.
General uses
Carob bean extract and gum have many uses, especially in the
food and flavouring industry where it is used as a chocolate
or cocoa substitute, or as a thickener and food stabiliser. It is
also used in non-food industries such as the textile, cosmetic,
and pharmaceutical industry.
Reported tobacco industry uses
Carob bean extract and gum are used as a flavouring material
in commercial cigarettes. It imparts a sweet and nutty
taste that enriches the smoke flavour. The extract and gum
is applied to either the filter or the tobacco and makes up to
0.2 % of the total weight of the tobacco used in one cigarette.
Harmful health effects
Carob bean is generally regarded as safe for use in food
and cosmetics. However, this does not suggest it is safe
when inhaled from smoking cigarettes. Almost the entire
carob bean extract and gum that is added to the cigarette
is burnt while smoking. This results in the formation of
several harmful compounds, such as benzene. The sugars
that are present in the extract can produce compounds such
as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and formaldehyde.
These breakdown products of sugars have been classified as
human cancer-causing agents by the International Agency for
Research on Cancer (a leading expert cancer organisation).
The sugars also produce acidic compounds, which make it
harder for the nicotine in the cigarette smoke to reach the
brain. This forces smokers to inhale deeper, and consume
more cigarettes to get their nicotine fix. Furthermore, the use
of carob bean extract and gum may be indirectly harmful
due to the formation of compounds called aldehydes (e.g.
acetaldehyde), which can make cigarettes more addictive
by enhancing the addictive potential of nicotine. Aldehydes
are very reactive and produce other compounds such as the
substance harman, which can also make cigarettes more
addictive due to its mood-enhancing effect on the brain.
The addition of carob bean extract and gum to cigarettes
help mask the naturally harsh and irritating nature of tobacco
smoke by making it more pleasant and milder. In doing so,
this essentially silences the body’s natural cough response,
which would warn that the smoke is dangerous. The flavour
and attractiveness of smoking is also enhanced by the
caramel flavours that are produced when the sugars are
burnt.
Overall, by adding more desirable flavours such as carob
bean extract and gum to cigarettes, tobacco manufacturers
make it easier for smokers to become addicted. This can
ultimately lead to more cigarettes being smoked and thus
greater exposure to the toxic substances in cigarette smoke.
Carbob Bean Extract
Additives in tobacco products
Additives are substances intentionally added to tobacco products by
tobacco industry in order to render toxic tobacco products palatable and
acceptable to consumers.
The tobacco industry is made up of many companies that make and sell different types of tobacco products. Whether it is smoked, chewed, sniffed or inhaled second-hand, the use
of these tobacco products can and does cause debilitating and life-threatening diseases, as well as premature death.
The cigarette is the single most commonly used tobacco product
in the European Union (EU). Most people are aware that smoking cigarettes is harmful, as thousands of compounds are produced and released in the smoke, some of which
(hundreds) are toxic.
But what people may not be aware of is that most tobacco manufacturers add ingredients other
than tobacco to cigarettes that affect the chemical make-up of the smoke.
These ingredients are known as tobacco additives
and are reportedly used, for example, to:
■■give a cigarette a particular flavour;
■■control the way the cigarette burns;
■■keep the tobacco moist thus preventing it from drying out
To some people, the reasons for adding these substances to a consumer product may appear perfectly reasonable. They may argue that this is not necessarily a bad thing as it makes
for a better consumer experience. However, helping people to better tolerate and enjoy a product like cigarettes, which is well known to be toxic and carcinogenic, is an entirely different
issue and a matter of great concern.
Additives in tobacco products PDF
The tobacco industry is made up of many companies that make and sell different types of tobacco products. Whether it is smoked, chewed, sniffed or inhaled second-hand, the use
of these tobacco products can and does cause debilitating and life-threatening diseases, as well as premature death.
The cigarette is the single most commonly used tobacco product
in the European Union (EU). Most people are aware that smoking cigarettes is harmful, as thousands of compounds are produced and released in the smoke, some of which
(hundreds) are toxic.
But what people may not be aware of is that most tobacco manufacturers add ingredients other
than tobacco to cigarettes that affect the chemical make-up of the smoke.
These ingredients are known as tobacco additives
and are reportedly used, for example, to:
■■give a cigarette a particular flavour;
■■control the way the cigarette burns;
■■keep the tobacco moist thus preventing it from drying out
To some people, the reasons for adding these substances to a consumer product may appear perfectly reasonable. They may argue that this is not necessarily a bad thing as it makes
for a better consumer experience. However, helping people to better tolerate and enjoy a product like cigarettes, which is well known to be toxic and carcinogenic, is an entirely different
issue and a matter of great concern.
Additives in tobacco products PDF
RauchFrei 60 + Tage / Dienstag, 27. November 2012
genau so ist es ,
9 Wochen ohne rauch sind auch 63 tag neues lebensgefühl
man glaubt es kaum aber so is es .
ich kann wieder mehr riechen , zum verdruss manch einem mitmenschen
was ja nicht schlimm ist lach da sieht man wieder was wahre freunde sind oder nur
leidensgenossen
http:// www.facebook.comm/HowISeeThingsMyWay ist eine seite von mir kannst ja mal drauf
kucken solltest aber dem englischen mächtig sein
*************************************************************************
THats the way it is
9 weeks without smoke which are 63 day of freedom
One cant believe it that I did it but I did
I can smell things again , whichin some cases ist to nice for people I know and dont lol
which on other hand isnt that bad that way I know who is friend and who is fake
http://www.facebook.comm/HowISeeThingsMyWay is my facebook site .if you do like
have a peak and english you should speak there lol
Elektrische Zigaretten
Seit dem Jahr
2011 erfährt die elektrische Zigarette (E-Zigarette) in Deutschland eine
zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit und Verbreitung. Die meisten E-Zigaretten
sind Tabakzigaretten äußerlich ähnlich. Sie bestehen aus einem
Mundstück, einem Akku, einem elektrischen Vernebler und einer
Wechsel-Kartusche, in der sich eine Flüssigkeit („Liquid“) befindet. Das
Liquid wird beim Ziehen am Mundstück vernebelt und inhaliert. Bei
vielen Modellen leuchtet dabei eine Diode (LED) am vorderen Ende auf,
die das Glimmen einer Tabakzigarette imitiert. Der Konsum von
E-Zigaretten wird als „Dampfen“ bezeichnet.
Die Liquids der E-Zigaretten enthalten als Hauptbestandteile Propylenglykol, Wasser, Glyzerin, Ethanol, Nikotin und häufig verschiedene Aromastoffe. Liquids ohne Nikotin sind ebenfalls erhältlich, werden aber selten verwendet. Einige im Labor untersuchte Liquids enthielten geringe Mengen an giftigen Substanzen wie tabakspezifische Nitrosamine und Diethylenglykol (DEG)[1], in Ausnahmefällen wurden sogar verschreibungspflichtige Medikamente gefunden (Wirkstoffe zur Behandlung von Übergewicht / Impotenz). E-Zigaretten enthalten keinen Tabak.
Die langfristigen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen beim Konsum der E-Zigarette sind noch unbekannt. Kurzfristige schädliche Effekte auf die Atmungsorgane wurden bereits nach wenigen Zügen an der E-Zigarette nachgewiesen[2]:
Die Liquids der E-Zigaretten enthalten als Hauptbestandteile Propylenglykol, Wasser, Glyzerin, Ethanol, Nikotin und häufig verschiedene Aromastoffe. Liquids ohne Nikotin sind ebenfalls erhältlich, werden aber selten verwendet. Einige im Labor untersuchte Liquids enthielten geringe Mengen an giftigen Substanzen wie tabakspezifische Nitrosamine und Diethylenglykol (DEG)[1], in Ausnahmefällen wurden sogar verschreibungspflichtige Medikamente gefunden (Wirkstoffe zur Behandlung von Übergewicht / Impotenz). E-Zigaretten enthalten keinen Tabak.
Die langfristigen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen beim Konsum der E-Zigarette sind noch unbekannt. Kurzfristige schädliche Effekte auf die Atmungsorgane wurden bereits nach wenigen Zügen an der E-Zigarette nachgewiesen[2]:
- ausgeprägte Atemwegseinengungen
- Absinken des Stickoxids in der ausgeatmeten Luft, dies weist auf Entzündungsvorgänge in den Bronchien hin
- Reizungen in Rachen und Mundraum
- trockener Husten
Die
Langzeitwirkung von inhaliertem Propylenglykol ist noch unbekannt. Da
es bereits kurzfristig Atemwegsreizungen auslöst, ist davon auszugehen,
dass der dauerhafte Konsum ebenfalls Schädigungen der Atemwege
verursachen kann. Unklar ist bislang auch, ob Propylenglykol schädliche
Auswirkungen auf die Fortpflanzung hat. Das in den meisten Liquids
enthaltene Nikotin ist ein Suchtstoff, der sehr schnell abhängig machend
und bei langfristigem Gebrauch zu Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen
führen kann. Eine weitere Gefahr geht vom hohen Nikotingehalt in den
Nachfüllflaschen aus. Dieser liegt ein Vielfaches über der tödlichen
Dosis beim Verschlucken für Kinder und Erwachsene.
Zurzeit unterliegen E-Zigaretten und Liquids keiner einheitlichen Regulierung oder Qualitätskontrolle. Daher kann nicht sichergestellt werden, dass tatsächlich nur die angegebenen und keine weiteren, schädlichen Inhaltsstoffe enthalten sind. Auch die Produktion der übrigen Bauteile der E-Zigarette wird nicht unabhängig kontrolliert, so dass z.B. keine gleichbleibende Freisetzung der Inhaltstoffe – insbesondere des Nikotins – gewährleistet ist. Fehlende Qualitätskontrollen könnten auch für die in deutschen und US-amerikanischen Medien berichteten Vergiftungserscheinungen und Verletzungen durch explodierende Batterien mit verantwortlich sein.
Zurzeit unterliegen E-Zigaretten und Liquids keiner einheitlichen Regulierung oder Qualitätskontrolle. Daher kann nicht sichergestellt werden, dass tatsächlich nur die angegebenen und keine weiteren, schädlichen Inhaltsstoffe enthalten sind. Auch die Produktion der übrigen Bauteile der E-Zigarette wird nicht unabhängig kontrolliert, so dass z.B. keine gleichbleibende Freisetzung der Inhaltstoffe – insbesondere des Nikotins – gewährleistet ist. Fehlende Qualitätskontrollen könnten auch für die in deutschen und US-amerikanischen Medien berichteten Vergiftungserscheinungen und Verletzungen durch explodierende Batterien mit verantwortlich sein.
Die Sicherheit und gesundheitliche Unbedenklichkeit der E-Zigarette ist nicht erwiesen. Daher kann der Gebrauch nicht empfohlen werden. Gesund ist nur der Verzicht auf jegliche Form der Zigarette.
E-Zigaretten
können durch süße Aromastoffe eine hohe Attraktivität auf Kinder und
Jugendliche ausüben und somit ein Eintrittstor für das Tabakrauchen und
eine Nikotienabhängigkeit darstellen. Auch die Verwendung in Verbindung mit Drogenmissbrauch stellt eine mögliche Gefahr dar.
Zudem ist unklar, in welcher Zusammensetzung der von E-Zigaretten erzeugte Dampf von den Nutzern ausgeatmet wird und die Innenraumluft belastet. Gesundheitsrisiken beim passiven Einatmen können nicht ausgeschlossen werden.
Zudem ist unklar, in welcher Zusammensetzung der von E-Zigaretten erzeugte Dampf von den Nutzern ausgeatmet wird und die Innenraumluft belastet. Gesundheitsrisiken beim passiven Einatmen können nicht ausgeschlossen werden.
Eignet sich die E-Zigarette zum Rauchstopp?
Mehr als drei Viertel aller Nutzer geben an, dass
sie E-Zigaretten nutzen, um mit dem Rauchen aufzuhören. Die E-Zigarette
kann Entzugserscheinungen wie das Rauchverlangen reduzieren. Ein
dauerhafter Verzicht auf jeglichen Nikotin-Konsum scheint jedoch den
meisten Dampfern nicht zu gelingen.
Durch die Einnahme von Nikotin wird die körperliche Abhängigkeit aufrecht erhalten. Außerdem werden vom Rauchen gewohnte Rituale und Gewohnheiten übernommen. Erfolgreiche Tabakentwöhnung erfordert jedoch eine Verhaltensänderung und Überwindung der psychische Abhängigkeit. Bei der Nutzung der E-Zigarette bleibt abhängiges Verhalten bestehen, lediglich die Form der Nikotin-Zufuhr wird umgestellt.
Durch die Einnahme von Nikotin wird die körperliche Abhängigkeit aufrecht erhalten. Außerdem werden vom Rauchen gewohnte Rituale und Gewohnheiten übernommen. Erfolgreiche Tabakentwöhnung erfordert jedoch eine Verhaltensänderung und Überwindung der psychische Abhängigkeit. Bei der Nutzung der E-Zigarette bleibt abhängiges Verhalten bestehen, lediglich die Form der Nikotin-Zufuhr wird umgestellt.
E-Zigaretten werden eher als Ersatzprodukt zur Tabakzigarette und nicht als Ausstiegshilfe verwendet. Sie eignen sich daher nicht zum Rauchstopp.
Sichere und wirksame Unterstützung beim Raucherstopp finden Sie in den
Angeboten der BZgA, zum Beispiel dem kostenfreien rauchfrei
Ausstiegsprogramm .
quellen:
[1]U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2009). Evaluation of e-cigarettes. www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/ScienceResearch/UCM173250.pdf
[2]Vardavas,
C., et al. (2011). Acute pulmonary effects of using an e-cigarette:
impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance and exhaled nitric
oxide. Chest, doi: 10.1378/chest.11-2443
Downloads und auch sehr interessant
Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, 2012
Downloads und auch sehr interessant
Downloads
Elektrische Zigaretten
Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, 2010
BfR rät zur Vorsicht im Umgang mit elektronischen Zigaretten
Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, 2008
Liquids von E-Zigaretten können die Gesundheit beeinträchtigenDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, 2010
BfR rät zur Vorsicht im Umgang mit elektronischen Zigaretten
Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, 2008
Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, 2012
15.10.2012
hallo
ja ich hatte solche auch genau 2 mal , das erste mal wars mit vollem genuss ( im traum ) das zweitemal war da ne stimme die gesagt hast hey du rauchst nicht mehr machs aus
War ganz schön komisch davon zu träumen
Mir hat mal ne englishlehererin gesagt wenn man in einer anderen sprache anfängt zu träumen dann kann man sie ...nah vielleicht trifft das auch aufs nichtrauchen zu .ich hab ja im traum schon die zigarette ausgemacht lach .......jetzt wenn ich träume kommt sie nicht mehr drin vor
stell dir vor nicht nur bei regen raus zu müssen , mitten in der nacht weil film zu ende und keine zigaretten im haus , geld fehlt vielleicht .....
.also nix wie hin zum automaten , dann an die tanke und weils so schön ist hats auch noch minus grade ....
.( gebs zu hab ich auch gemacht ) aber das ist doch voll sch***e .......oder .?
Nun können wir sitzen bleiben und wenn wir unbedingt noch ne nachtwanderung machen wollen
nah dann freut sich der hund oder der partner / die partnerin für nen spaziergang bei mond schein ..ist viel romantischer als wie hetzjagd nach den ollen stinkern
obwohl ich letzte Nacht ich glaube das erstemal in meinem Leben ein "Rauchtraum" gehabt hab
ja ich hatte solche auch genau 2 mal , das erste mal wars mit vollem genuss ( im traum ) das zweitemal war da ne stimme die gesagt hast hey du rauchst nicht mehr machs aus
War ganz schön komisch davon zu träumen
Mir hat mal ne englishlehererin gesagt wenn man in einer anderen sprache anfängt zu träumen dann kann man sie ...nah vielleicht trifft das auch aufs nichtrauchen zu .ich hab ja im traum schon die zigarette ausgemacht lach .......jetzt wenn ich träume kommt sie nicht mehr drin vor
Die Zigarette diktiert mir nicht mehr mein Leben
stell dir vor nicht nur bei regen raus zu müssen , mitten in der nacht weil film zu ende und keine zigaretten im haus , geld fehlt vielleicht .....
.also nix wie hin zum automaten , dann an die tanke und weils so schön ist hats auch noch minus grade ....
.( gebs zu hab ich auch gemacht ) aber das ist doch voll sch***e .......oder .?
Nun können wir sitzen bleiben und wenn wir unbedingt noch ne nachtwanderung machen wollen
nah dann freut sich der hund oder der partner / die partnerin für nen spaziergang bei mond schein ..ist viel romantischer als wie hetzjagd nach den ollen stinkern
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